أحكام الحضانة بين الفقه والقضاء
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Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
المسيلة
Abstract
على حماية حقوق المحضون والسير على مصالحه، فمدارها تحقيق مصلحة المحضون والنفع له بالدرجة الأولى.
فالحضانة هي تربية وحفظ من لا يستقل بأمور نفسه عما يؤذيه لعدم تمييزه و ذلك برعاية شؤونه وتدبير طعامه وملبسه ونومه في سن معينة، من أجل ذلك كانت الحضانة لمن هو أشفق وأقدر وأصبر على تحل المشاق بسبب الولد ومن هو أفر للقيام بخدمته.
إن القانون اشترط أهلية معينة للحضانة، بمعنى أن تتوافر في الحاضن البلوغ والعقل على بيانة الولد صحة وخلقا، والبلوغ شرط يمنع القابر أن يكون حاضنا لأنه في حاجة إلى من يكفله والعقل يمنع المجنون والمعتوه أن يكون حاضنا لأنه يخشى منه على المحضون. لكن إذا حدث وان اختلت هذه الشروط فإن مصلحة المحضون تكون في خطر مما يقتضي إسقاطها عن الحاضن تسليم المحضون إلى من يليه في المرتبة إذا استوفى كل الشروط.
Childcare is one the topics that have received the most attention in Islamic sharia as well as in different legislations, as it is one of the most importat ways to ensure and safeguard children’s rights. The rights and interests of the child in custody, is then primarily the result of the custody interest.
Because of this lack of discernment, the guard thus ensures the education and protection of the one who cannot take care of himself and protect himself from anything that my harm him.
This guard thus allows him to watch over his affairs to ensure his food, his clothes, and his sleep at a certain age, which has meant that custody of the child is attributed to him who is more merciful, more apt and more patient to assume the difficulties and attributed to the one who has the most time to serve him.
The law thus requires a certain aptitude for the care of the child; the guardian must therefore meet the conditions of majority, reasoning, experience in the maintenance of health as for morality and majority. The majority in this case, forbidding the minor this custody, because he himself is in need of being put under sponsorship, and reason to prevent the crazy to assume this burden. However, in case of nonobservance of these conditions, the interest of the child placed in custody, would be to drop the guardian of this charge and to give the child to keep to another person who meets all the aforementioned confessions.
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Keywords
: الحضانة ؛ الطفل ؛ المصلحة ؛ العناية