Chaima, BougoutaiaTakoua, KhelifiSupervisor: Raouf Ouanis, Lakehal Ayat2025-07-072025-07-072025-06-15https://repository.univ-msila.dz/handle/123456789/46727This dissertation addresses the coverage optimization problem in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), a critical factor affecting network efficiency and sustainability. A hybrid memetic algorithm is proposed, combining global and local search strategies to optimize sensor de ployment and reduce overlap while maintaining maximum coverage with minimal sensor us age. A precise mathematical model is formulated, and simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach. Results show significant improve ments in coverage quality and energy efficiency compared to conventional algorithmsenMemetic AlgorithmsWireless Sensor NetworksCoverage OptimizationThesis